Greater Flamingo
The Greater Flamingo is the emblematic bird of the Camargue. It is the only region in France where these birds nest and one of the only places in the world where the Greater Flamingo has returned to lay its eggs every year since 1969. On the "Etang du Fangassier" (Fangassier Pond), more than 10,000 flamingos come to breed. These gregarious birds live in groups in the wetlands. The species is unmistakable: when perched, the bird has an entirely pale pink body, long pink webbed legs, and a short, curved beak with a black tip.
The primary and secondary flight feathers are entirely black, and the wing coverts are bright pink with hints of white. The legs, long and slender, are pink in adults. Their color comes from carotenoid pigments found in the algae and crustaceans they consume. This species exhibits sexual dimorphism in size; females are generally smaller than males. The greater flamingo sleeps standing on one or two legs, with its head tucked under a wing. Young flamingos are not very colorful. The color of flamingos comes in particular from their diet, which is rich in beta-carotene.
GREATER FLAMINGO
Family : Phoenicoptéridae
Length: from 120 cm to 145 cm - Wingspan: from 140 cm to 170 cm
Weigth : from 2.500 gr to 3.500 gr
IUCN Conservation Status: LC
Flight
Unlike most birds, because of their size, flamingos must take a few meters of momentum to take off from the water. This large bird usually flies in flocks, the elongated silhouette is typical of the Greater Flamingo with elongated neck and legs. Despite its mass, the flight remains direct and energetic.
Habitat
This large web-footed bird likes open, shallow salty or brackish stretches of water, marshes and ponds, which explains its strong presence in the Camargue. The Greater Flamingo is a coastal bird associated with vast areas of shallow brackish water, endowed with islets, and rich in nutrients. Its privileged habitat is made up of coastal lagoons and ponds, especially in the deltas of large rivers such as the Rhône in the Camargue.
Regime - Diet
He catches a species of shrimp called Artemia salina. The latter is at the origin of the pink color of the flamingo but also of the coloring of the saltworks at a certain time of the year. Artemia salina contains keto-carotenoid pigments. Their beak, which has a comb system, allows them to filter the water to retain the nutrients (Artemia shrimp). Our unique French Phoenicopteridae also consumes other invertebrates and aquatic plants.
Nesting
The Greater flamingo nests in large colonies that can reach several thousand pairs. They are located on muddy islets. Both adults build a raised earthen cup where the female will lay the single annual egg. Both mates incubate for 28-31 days.
Semi-nidifuge young leave the nest after 10 days. They are gathered in a "nursery" under the supervision of adults. The parents feed them with a nourishing liquid which they pour into the beaks of the offspring. The latter take their first flight after 10 to 11 weeks.
Camargue is the only nesting region for Flamingos in France, they nest in the Fangassier pond.
Migration
Flamingos are very numerous in summer, the vast majority of them migrating to Africa in winter. In the Camargue, a large number are present all year round.
Protection
The Greater flamingo benefits from total protection on French territory since the ministerial decree of April 17, 1981 relating to birds protected throughout the territory.
It is listed in Annex I of the Birds Directive of the European Union. It is therefore prohibited to destroy, mutilate, capture or remove it, to intentionally disturb or naturalize it, as well as to destroy or remove eggs and nests and to destroy, alter or degrade their environment.
Cry
The cries of the Greater flamingo are curiously reminiscent of the noisy sound emissions of geese and other barnacles; the greater flamingo quacks.
Various
There are six species of flamingo which inhabit lakes, mudflats, and shallow lagoons in the Americas, Africa, Asia, and Europe. Of the six species, four are of conservation concern. The Andean flamingo is the rarest and most threatened species and is considered Vulnerable by BirdLife. The Lesser flamingo, Puna flamingo, and Chilean flamingo are Near Threatened, meaning they are in danger of decline in the near future if we do not act now to protect them. (Birdlife)
You can see the article from my site "Birds of Camargue" for more information on the Camargue and the Birds...
Quote of the moment
«Les flamants aux ailes de feu venaient de la clarté mourante, saluer, le long des étangs, les dernières lueurs..»
Frédéric Mistral
Informations documentations :
Observation Sites